Showing posts with label ns-red. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ns-red. Show all posts

31 May 2015

WOMEN AND SLEEP: Parting shots... Who has more sleep problems, men or women?

It may appear that, because the majority of patients that have overnight sleep studies are male, that the majority of all people who have sleep disorders are male.

For certain sleep disorders, like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), men are still more likely to suffer than women (until women reach past the age of menopause, and then men and women share an equal likelihood of having OSA). REM Behavior Disorder (RBD) is still considered mostly a men's sleep disorder, though women can also suffer from it, as well.

It might make sense to assume than women in general don't have as many sleep disorders as men; women are clinically shown to sleep better than men when they actually achieve sleep. "In general, women sleep better than men... They have more deep sleep, a slower age-related decline in delta activity (the marker of deep sleep), and twice as many sleep spindles "(Culebras/MedMerits).

But the statistics bear out a different reality. The National Sleep Foundation reported in 2007 that only 40% of all women sleep well most every night, with 46% of them complaining of sleep trouble almost nightly. Due to the changing nature of their hormones from adolescence to menopause, many may suffer other sleep disorders at a higher rate than men as a result. For instance:

INSOMNIA
National Sleep Foundation: "Women are more likely than men to report insomnia. In fact, according to the 2002 NSF Sleep in America poll, more women than men experience symptoms of insomnia at least a few nights a week (63% vs. 54%) and they are more likely to have daytime sleepiness."

PsychCentral: "Unknown to many is the fact that sleep disorders are more widely reported in women than men with women 1.4 times more likely to experience insomnia than men."

WebMD: "According to  Michael Twery, PhD, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research, a division of the National Institutes of Health., women suffer from insomnia at two to three times the rate that men do."

SLEEP DISORDERED BREATHING
MedMerits: "Women are more resistant to high-altitude periodic breathing than men."

PARASOMNIA
National Sleep Foundation on the subject of Nocturnal Sleep-Related Eating Disorder (NS-RED): "One study indicates that over 66 percent of sufferers are women."

OTHER SLEEP PROBLEMS
MedMerits of the subject of Restless legs syndrome: "Restless legs syndrome affects 5% to 10% of the general population, increases with age, and is more prevalent in women (Berger et al 2004; Allen et al 2005). ... Restless legs syndrome is more common in older women than in older men and appears with relative frequency during pregnancy. Restless legs syndrome affects one third of pregnant women during their third trimester and usually improves after delivery (Neau et al 2010)."

National Sleep Foundation on the subject of pain and sleep: "More women (58%) suffer from nighttime pain than men (48%), according to a 1996 NSF Gallup Poll. In a more recent 2000 NSF Sleep in America poll, one in four women reported that pain or physical discomfort interrupted their sleep three nights a week or more."

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Still unconvinced? For further reading, you can check out the following articles online:

"He Slept, She Slept: Sex Differences in Sleep: How sleep differs between men and women," an interesting discussion about the ways in which sleep health varies between genders at WebMD

"Sleep disorders in women." Antonio Culebras MD, located here at the MedMerits site


17 January 2015

In case you missed it: December's most popular posts and pages

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THANK YOU FOR VISITING! TELL YOUR FRIENDS! --The Curator

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In Case You Missed It: December's most popular posts at SHC


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THANK YOU FOR VISITING! TELL YOUR FRIENDS! --The Curator

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17 December 2014

VISIONS OF SUGARPLUMS || Sleep Disorders 101: NS-RED and NES, Sleep Eating Disorders

"Sleep eating" image courtesy Dr Austin Ejaife.
Believe it or not, some people eat while they are asleep. They literally get up to prepare and consume food in the middle of measurable sleep stages during the night.

There are also people who wake up and have to eat something or else they will not be able to fall asleep again.

Our media tends to address these legitimate health problems either as amusing or freakish, but the fact is that they are serious, life-altering, even threatening, conditions that require diagnosis and treatment. They are not the result of "poor willpower" or some other judgmental explanation. Sleep eating disorders are uncommon, but they do exist. These abnormal eating patterns during the night can definitely make life hard for those suffering. Uncontrolled weight gain in either case can lead to anxiety and depression from the feelings of shame and powerlessness brought on by these unusual disorders.

There is some difference of opinion regarding whether either or both of these are categorized as parasomnias and/or eating disorders. However, both can wreak havoc not only on a person's metabolic function but also on their sleep habits.

Nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder, also known as NS-RED or somnambulistic sleep eating, may take place during a spell of sleepwalking, which generally occurs as a kind of arousal between sleep stages. Those who eat while asleep are not generally conscious of their behavior. Regular episodes of NS-RED can heighten the risk for developing diabetes, as the body is not designed to manage caloric intake during sleep. The rise and fall of blood sugar during sleep can lead to problems with insulin resistance and other disorders of metabolism.

The other form of sleep-eating disorder is NES, or night eating syndrome. People who suffer from this have symptoms that can persistent for eight weeks or longer. They wake up lacking an appetite and tend to eat more of their total daily intake of calories AFTER dinner. While some of those who suffer from NES may be practicing unhealthy dieting patterns during the day (low-calorie daytime dieting which leads to binge eating at night), some of their issues may also be related to addiction issues, in which the brain lacks the necessary controls to stop unhealthy behavior.

Treatment of these disorders combines therapy for weight loss and addiction management with some environmental adjustments, such as placing locks on cabinets and refrigerators for those who are unaware of their nocturnal sleep eating challenges. Current pharmaceutical treatment with topimarole shows some promise for some nighttime sleep eaters. It's also critical that doctors review a patient's medications if they suffer from either of these problems so as to rule out drug-induced behaviors.

Note also that binge eating may also be associated with a separate sleep disorder, a form of hypersomnia called Kleine-Levin Syndrome, more popularly known as "Sleeping Beauty" disorder, in which sufferers extended periods of irresistible sleepiness and participate in overeating and hypersexual behaviors.


Resources

"Classification of Sleep Disorders." Michael J. Thorpy. Neurotherapeutics. 2012 October; 9(4): 687–701. Published online 2012 September 14. doi: 10.1007/s13311-012-0145-6

"Sleep and Parasomnias." Dr. Carlos Schenck. National Sleep Foundation. 2014.

"Sleep-related Eating Disorder." Mayo Clinic. 2014

"Sleep-Related Eating Disorders." Cleveland Clinic. 2013